The Brazilian-American Journey: Why Are Brazilians Moving?

Introduction

What's the tea on how international migration vibes when Brazilians study abroad? This is one of the questions this article aims to flex on. Nowadays, like, you can totally peep that a ton of Brazilians are living and studying outside of Brazil, ya know? Accordin' to the Bra- zilian Educational & Language Travel Association, 365,000 Brazilians totally flexed on exchange study programmes in 20191 as a way to mobi-lity, ya know? But like, being able to study, jetset internationally, and live abroad is like a major flex that not everyone can do, ya know? And honestly, not even within each country, it's like a total inequality vibe.

This article like totally dives into a bunch of factors that influence Brazilians' ability to flex on the international scene, and how it affects their studies and life abroad, ya know? It's all about how people do their thing across different countries, their ethnic connections, and their skills, ya know? Like, education is a big deal in all of this (Carling, 2002, 2008). This brings us to the two questions discussed in this article, like (i) what's the deal with transnationalism, diaspora policies, and international education in the lives of potential and actual migrants; and (ii) what kind of interactions and capital conversions can we spot in the transnational journeys of Brazilian international students. This article is like totally divided into three interrelated parts, fam. The first part is all about the international and national frameworks that totally structure the mobility of Brazilian students, ya know? Furthermore, it's like talking about the major vibes of Brazil that are all about development and flexing on the global stage, plus other big factors like how states handle migration, education, and students moving around. The second part goes deep into transnation-alism and diaspora, talking about how they can impact international mobility, both for students and in general. The third part is all about some lit examples of "stepwise migrations" and how they're all connected to the transformation of "ethnic capital" (Kim, 2019). 

RELEVANT PERSPECTIVES AND CONCEPTS, fam


This article is all about the vibes of migration and international student flex. It's all about ethnic capital, trans-nationalism, and diaspora, you know? Like, it's exploring how people move around and rep their culture in different places. So lit! OMG, transnationalism is like all about these lit connections, vibes, and stuff that link institutions, peeps, or squads across nation-state borders. It's like sooo not basic, ya know? (Tedeschi, Vorobeva and Jauhiainen, 2022). Yo, check it out! Transna- tionalism is all about how things go down in the economic, psychological, social, political, and other vibes. It's all about info, skills, practices, remittanc- es, investments, and all sorts of social and political connections between migrants and non-migrants in different countries, you feel me? Trans- nationalism, like, totally has the potential to like, change people's citizenship, identity, goals, and everyday life choices (Levitt, 1998; Guarnizo, Portes and Haller, 2003; Vertovec, 2009; Tedeschi, Vorobeva and Jauhiainen, 2022).
Theories and concepts of multinational migration are like totally connected to the idea of transnationalism, ya know? OMG, researchers have been trying to like figure out multi-national migration using all these different terms, like repeated, secondary, serial, onward, and stepwise migration (Valenta, 2022a). It's so lit! OMG, like the main term for this article is stepwise migration, which is all about migrants going through different stages to find better living conditions, but it's also like they need more resources and money for each step. So relatable, right? Migrants who are slayin' in the game of upward step-wise migration have totally acquired migration capital during their intermediary migratory steps. They gonna like, hop around countries before they finally make it to one of the sickest countries (Paul, 2011; Va-lenta, 2022a).

When it comes to the concept of diaspora, its definition is still kinda controversial, ya know? 


Some peeps argue that it should only refer to an ethnic squad that has been yeeted from its (imagined or real) crib in a super traumatic way, and therefore keeps tight connections based on memories or yearning for that spot. This definition is like, super strict and stuff. And like, it's all about how this ethnic group is totally being suppressed by the authorities of the host state where it's living now. You know what I mean? (Faist, 2000, 2010; Reis, 2004). On the flip side, diaspora can like totally be seen as a squad of peeps who are connected to different places but still have a strong bond, usually based on their ethnicity and nationality. It's all about the shared love and the government rules - that's what makes it the homeland, ya know? still lowkey be playin' a major role, in one way or another (Reis, 2004; Valenta and Ramet, 2011; Kim 2019; Cohen, 2022). OMG, in dis paper, we're gonna talk about dis more lit definition of diaspora. As it's gonna be lit, diaspora policies are hella relevant to our analysis. OMG, this analysis is all about those lit policies that give mad props to peeps from diasporic communities and boost their ethnic clout. Yo, like, we gonna be hella focused on turning ethnic capital into migration capital, international student vibes, and human capital, ya know? (Kim 2019). It's gonna be dope! Yo, the idea of ethnic capital is all about how ethnicity be like a lit resource that helps with migration, separate from human and social capital, ya know? (Kim, 2019: 361). In line with previous studies on ethnic capital, the article lowkey says that a lot of Brazilian international students flex their European ancestry to get that migration capital and live their best lives studying abroad. But like, these transformations of "ancestry into opps" (Harpaz, 2015) don't always lead to, like, staying in the countries of their ancestors (Kim, 2019; Mateos and Durand, 2012; Paul, 2011). The Brazilians we picked and interviewed for this research were totally into this complex stepwise migration thing, where migrating as an international student seemed like just one of the many phases in their migrant journeys.

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